Origins
'Afternoon tea' originated in the early 19th century, credited to Anna, the Duchess of Bedford.
During the Victorian era, the evening meal in Britain was served fashionably late (around 8pm) leaving a lengthy gap between meals. To stave off hunger, the Duchess invited friends to her chambers for an additional meal around 4pm, comprising tea, sandwiches, scones, and pastries. The practice quickly gained popularity among the upper class of society, becoming a fashionable social event.
By the 1840s, afternoon tea had evolved into a full-fledged occasion, complete with refined manners and elaborate tea sets. It provided an opportunity for ladies to display their best gowns, finest China, and culinary finesse. The tradition soon trickled down to the middle classes, symbolising gentility and leisure.
An interesting fact about afternoon tea is the distinction between "afternoon tea" and "high tea." High tea was traditionally a more substantial meal enjoyed by the working class, served later in the day and including meats, breads, and vegetables.